Bootstrap percolation, a model of irreversible activation on graphs, has emerged as a pivotal area within graph theory and statistical mechanics. In this process, nodes (or vertices) on a network are ...

String theory, conceptualized more than 50 years ago as a framework to explain the formation of matter, remains elusive as a “provable” phenomenon. But a team of physicists has now taken a significant ...

String theory suggests that the most fundamental building blocks of the universe are not particles like electrons or quarks, but tiny, vibrating strings of energy. It is the vibration and arrangement ...