Bagged in three layers of meninges and selectively fenced off by the blood brain barrier, our central nervous system (CNS) interacts within strict limits with our immune system. Protective ...

Hence, the regulation of CSF production, circulation, and drainage has long been a focus of scientific attention, especially in relation to age-related conditions like Alzheimer's disease and other ...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as Colony Stimulating Factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage), is a cytokine originally identified for its role in promoting the ...

A. The drawing shows intracranial upstream lymphatic regions #1, #2, and #3 that drain through the nasopharyngeal lymphatic plexus (NPLP) en route to medial deep cervical lymphatics and deep cervical ...

Danielle Wilhour does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...

Hydrocephalus is an excess of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain’s ventricles. Surgery is the first-line and most effective treatment. The two primary surgeries are the Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) ...

May 28 (UPI) --Cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF, is a clear, colorless liquid that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of your central nervous system. It cushions the brain and ...