The primary purpose of the cardiac examination is to assess the structure and function of the heart as a muscular pump and to evaluate it for possible malfunctions. Because heart disease is so common ...

The metabolic syndrome increases one's risk of death from coronary artery disease threefold. [3] To lower the risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients, the clinician needs to evaluate and minimize ...

Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to increased cardiovascular risk, but its association with carotid atherosclerosis in the general population is less well studied. We examined ...

Background The usefulness and modalities of cardiovascular screening in young athletes remain controversial, particularly concerning the role of 12-lead ECG. One of the reasons refers to the presumed ...

Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Library and grey literature sources. Study eligibility criteria Observational and experimental studies assessing a ...