THE peculiar phenomena exhibited by quartz in directions slightly inclined to the optic axis were explained by Airy in 1831 on the hypothesis that in any such direction two streams of permanent type ...

WHEN polarised light passes through an optically active liquid in an electrostatic or a magnetic field the phenomenon of double refraction observed with a non-active substance is complicated by the ...

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, Vol. 80, No. 535 (Dec. 9, 1907), pp. 28-44 (17 pages) ...

If you enjoyed this article, I’d like to ask for your support. Scientific American has served as an advocate for science and industry for 180 years, and right now may be the most critical moment in ...

If you enjoyed this article, I’d like to ask for your support. Scientific American has served as an advocate for science and industry for 180 years, and right now may be the most critical moment in ...