Learn about the Black-Scholes model, how it works, and how its formula helps estimate fair option prices by weighing ...

Boundary integral equation (BIE) methods have emerged as a robust computational framework for addressing problems in elasticity analysis by reformulating partial differential equations into equivalent ...

Electromagnetic integral equations offer a powerful framework for modelling wave propagation and scattering phenomena by recasting Maxwell’s equations into formulations involving integrals over ...

This paper presents a novel and direct approach to solving boundary- and final-value problems, corresponding to barrier options, using forward pathwise deep learning and forward–backward stochastic ...

Two new approaches allow deep neural networks to solve entire families of partial differential equations, making it easier to model complicated systems and to do so orders of magnitude faster. In high ...