As semiconductor devices become more complex and the critical particle size for today’s cutting-edge technology nodes falls into the sub-10 nm size range, controlling and mitigating potentially ...

Industry 4.0 technologies facilitate a wide variety of innovations in technological transitions, cyber-physical system (CPS) improvement, and commercialization. Industry 4.0's objective is to create ...

Soil is a dynamic system of microbe-material interactions and environmental responsiveness. The soil-microbe complex is an integrated and adaptable system that can reshape its state according to the ...

A ring of beads connected to tentacles A modeling study shows how chemical reactions can stimulate motion in simple systems, like the structure here—made of enzyme coated beads connected to ...