Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) represent some of the most formidable and complex volcanic phenomena, characterised by a turbulent mixture of solid particles and gases that surge down slopes at ...

Volcanologist Professor Chris Jackson discovers evidence of the deadly pyroclastic flow. Volcanologist Professor Chris Jackson reveals the power of the deadly pyroclastic flow that had swept through ...

In 2022, the eruption of the submerged Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha apai volcano triggered a fast-moving and destructive underwater debris flow that severed telecommunication cables and reshaped the ...