This simulation demonstrates the complete signal journey from analog to digital and back. The input is a pure sine wave that passes through an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), which samples and quantizes it into discrete digital steps. These stepped waveforms represent the binary-coded signal levels. The output of the ADC is then fed into a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) that reconstructs the signal into a staircase waveform. Finally, the DAC output is smoothed using an active low-pass filt

This simulation demonstrates signal reconstruction using ADC–DAC processing. The top plot shows a high-frequency sampling clock, the original analog sine wave, and the stepped DAC output that approximates the signal. As the ADC samples the input, the DAC converts the digital values back into discrete voltage steps. At higher sampling rates and resolution, the stepped output more closely follows the original waveform, illustrating how digital systems recreate analog signals. This principle is use